EEG

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a medical technique used to measure and assess the brain's electrical activity. It is a non-invasive method that uses electrodes placed on the scalp to record the electrical signals produced by the neurons in the brain.

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The EEG scan is performed by placing electrodes on the scalp that are connected to an amplifier. The electrodes are placed in specific and predefined areas of the head to record electrical activity in different brain regions.

 

During the EEG scan, the patient is usually asked to perform various tasks or lie still to record various brain activities.

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EEG is used to diagnose various neurological disorders such as B. epilepsy, sleep disorders, brain injuries and tumors, as well as to monitor the state of the brain during surgery or anesthesia. It can also be used to study the effects of drugs on the brain and to study cognitive functions such as memory, attention and language.

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The results of an EEG examination are recorded and evaluated in the form of wave patterns. There are different types of EEG waves that reflect different states in the brain, such as: B. Beta waves during waking activity and alpha waves during relaxation.

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The EEG is a safe and painless method of examining brain function and is often used in combination with other imaging methods such as MRI or CT. 

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The development of the EEG dates back to the discovery of the brain's electrical activity by the German physiologist Richard Caton in 1875. Over the following decades, further advances in technology were made, making it possible to record the brain's electrical signals with increasing precision measure.

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In the 1920s, German psychiatrist Hans Berger and his collaborators developed the first electroencephalographic device that made it possible to record and analyze EEG wave patterns. Berger realized that these patterns could reflect different states of the brain and began to link them to psychological and emotional states.

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During World War II, the EEG was used as a tool to diagnose brain injuries in soldiers. After the war, the EEG was used to diagnose epilepsy and other neurological disorders.

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In the decades that followed, ever more powerful EEG devices were developed, making it possible to measure the electrical activity of the brain with increasing accuracy. As computer technology has developed, more and more advanced methods of analyzing and interpreting the EEG data have also been developed, including the use of algorithms and machine learning.

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Today, the EEG is used in many areas of neuroscience, including the study of memory, language, attention, and cognitive function. It is also used in clinical practice to diagnose and monitor epilepsy, sleep disorders and other neurological disorders.